Editing Annotation:The Development of Language as Purposive Behavior*/L9ijfjpwid
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|AnnotationOf=The_Development_of_Language_as_Purposive_Behavior* | |AnnotationOf=The_Development_of_Language_as_Purposive_Behavior* | ||
| − | |AnnotationComment= | + | |AnnotationComment=Weil Störungen im Kommunizieren vermieden werden sollen, werden bewusst oder unbewusst Schlussfolgerungen aus vergangenen Erfahrungen gezogen. |
| − | |LastModificationDate=2019- | + | |LastModificationDate=2019-02-26T17:04:59.489Z |
|LastModificationUser=User:Sarah Oberbichler | |LastModificationUser=User:Sarah Oberbichler | ||
| − | |AnnotationMetadata=^"permissions":^"read":ӶӺ,"update":ӶӺ,"delete":ӶӺ,"admin":ӶӺ°,"user":^"id":6,"name":"Sarah Oberbichler"°,"id":"L9ijfjpwid","ranges":Ӷ^"start":"/divӶ3Ӻ/divӶ4Ӻ/divӶ1Ӻ/pӶ10Ӻ","startOffset":0,"end":"/divӶ3Ӻ/divӶ4Ӻ/divӶ1Ӻ/pӶ10Ӻ","endOffset":1698°Ӻ,"quote":"The simple feedback loop, of course, can serve as a model only for the simplest kinds of behavior, such as avoidance, seeking, and pursuit of conditions that are characterized by a single one-dimensional reference value each. Several such loops, with different sensory functions, may be found in one organism, but that does not raise the functionally primitive level of that organism’s behavior. Two important features have to be added if feedback theory is to provide models for more complex behaviors. The first is an hierarchical arrangement of feedback loops, such that the reference value of one loop can be set and changed by the effector function of another. Systems of that kind have been described by DuBrul Ӷ17Ӻ, Ashby Ӷ18Ӻ, McKay Ӷ19Ӻ, and recently in great detail by Powers Ӷ16Ӻ. The technical intricacies do not concern us here. The important point is that a system of that kind, if it is equipped with some sort of memory that records “disturbances” (sensory signals that do not match the reference value), “activities” (effector functions), and such “perceptual” changes (sensory functions) as occur within a specified space of time after an activity, then it can begin to optimize reactions to disturbances on the basis of what-has-followed-what in the past. At that stage, the system, in fact, has already the basic components that are required for “learning” or, as Maturana would say, to operate as an inductive system Ӷ20Ӻ. For induction, whether it is conscious in the form of a conclusion we draw, or unconscious in the form of a behavior that becomes established because of its success, springs always from the same root: a more or less regular recurrence in past experience.","highlights":Ӷ^" | + | |AnnotationMetadata=^"permissions":^"read":ӶӺ,"update":ӶӺ,"delete":ӶӺ,"admin":ӶӺ°,"user":^"id":6,"name":"Sarah Oberbichler"°,"id":"L9ijfjpwid","ranges":Ӷ^"start":"/divӶ3Ӻ/divӶ4Ӻ/divӶ1Ӻ/pӶ10Ӻ","startOffset":0,"end":"/divӶ3Ӻ/divӶ4Ӻ/divӶ1Ӻ/pӶ10Ӻ","endOffset":1698°Ӻ,"quote":"The simple feedback loop, of course, can serve as a model only for the simplest kinds of behavior, such as avoidance, seeking, and pursuit of conditions that are characterized by a single one-dimensional reference value each. Several such loops, with different sensory functions, may be found in one organism, but that does not raise the functionally primitive level of that organism’s behavior. Two important features have to be added if feedback theory is to provide models for more complex behaviors. The first is an hierarchical arrangement of feedback loops, such that the reference value of one loop can be set and changed by the effector function of another. Systems of that kind have been described by DuBrul Ӷ17Ӻ, Ashby Ӷ18Ӻ, McKay Ӷ19Ӻ, and recently in great detail by Powers Ӷ16Ӻ. The technical intricacies do not concern us here. The important point is that a system of that kind, if it is equipped with some sort of memory that records “disturbances” (sensory signals that do not match the reference value), “activities” (effector functions), and such “perceptual” changes (sensory functions) as occur within a specified space of time after an activity, then it can begin to optimize reactions to disturbances on the basis of what-has-followed-what in the past. At that stage, the system, in fact, has already the basic components that are required for “learning” or, as Maturana would say, to operate as an inductive system Ӷ20Ӻ. For induction, whether it is conscious in the form of a conclusion we draw, or unconscious in the form of a behavior that becomes established because of its success, springs always from the same root: a more or less regular recurrence in past experience.","highlights":Ӷ^"jQuery321079218495795044192":^°°,^"jQuery321079218495795044192":^°°,^"jQuery321079218495795044192":^°°,^"jQuery321079218495795044192":^°°Ӻ,"text":"Weil Störungen im Kommunizieren vermieden werden sollen, werden bewusst oder unbewusst Schlussfolgerungen aus vergangenen Erfahrungen gezogen. ","category":"Argument","data_creacio":1551196913449° |
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